克氏原螯虾中药物与个人护理品污染的筛查研究

摘要：目的：对我国主要小龙虾产区不同养殖方式（池塘精养、虾蟹混养、稻田套养及藕虾套养）及小龙虾不同部位（肌肉、内脏、头壳及背壳）中药物与个人护理品（pharmaceuticals and personal care products, PPCPs）的暴露种类进行筛查,并对其蓄积规律进行研究。方法：利用轨道阱高分辨质谱通过非靶向筛查技术对长江中下游小龙虾样品中PPCPs的种类进行筛查和鉴定。结果：本次收集的样品中共检测到并筛选出了30种化合物,其中麻醉药类物质共7种,镇痛药类7种,消炎类药物8种,其余为非常规药品或环境危害物（肠道用药、清洁剂等）,共8种,不同养殖模式的小龙虾体内筛选出的PPCPs种类数量排名为：池塘精养虾=虾蟹混养>稻田套养虾>藕虾套养虾,小龙虾各部位的PPCPs种类数量排名为：肌肉>背壳>内脏>头壳,可食用部位（虾肉、虾黄）多于外壳部位。结论：不同养殖模式的小龙虾样品中PPCPs的筛选结果在数量上存在一定的差异,但组成规律上较为相似,具体为：都以消炎药为主,其次为麻醉药和镇痛剂,最值得关注的物质为氯甲西泮。     

Characterization of Habitat of Rhamnus alaternus L. at the Jebel Tessala （North-Western Algeria）

In this study, the authors were interested to the evaluation of biodiversity in the Jebel Tessala. Ten stations were selected based on altitudinal gradient, inside each station, identified flora has been conducted and a soil sample was taken from. A floristic inventory was carried out from all stations characterizing habitat of our studied taxon which is Rhamnus alaternus L. The authors established a list of plants represented by 94 species, distributed in 46 botanical families that are dominated by Asteraceae. The biological spectrum of these species reveals the dominance of hemicryptophytes and therophytes. The biogeographical element which predominates the vegetation is the Mediterranean-type. Statistical processing PCA （principal component analysis） from the pedological analysis of the examined stations reveals the formation of three groups defining a set of station that are marked by the presence of some components of the soil. Data processing obtained by FCA （factorial correspondence analysis） and the ascending hierarchical classification had underscored the existence of two groups of strata according to the soil substrate.     

Simplified speciation and atmospheric volatile organic compound emission rates from non-aerosol personal care products

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from personal care products (PCPs) can affect indoor air quality and outdoor air quality when ventilated. In this paper, we determine a set of simplified VOC species profiles and emission rates for a range of non-aerosol PCPs. These have been constructed from individual vapor analysis from 36 products available in the UK, using equilibrium headspace analysis with selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). A simplified speciation profile is created based on the observations, comprising four alcohols, two cyclic volatile siloxanes, and monoterpenes (grouped as limonene). Estimates are made for individual unit-of-activity VOC emissions for dose-usage of shampoos, shower gel, conditioner, liquid foundation, and moisturizer. We use these values as inputs to the INdoor air Detailed Chemical Model (INDCM) and compare results against real-world case-study experimental data. Activity-based emissions are then scaled based on plausible usage patterns to estimate the potential scale of annual per-person emissions for each product type (eg, 2 g limonene person⁻¹ yr⁻¹ from shower gels). Annual emissions from non-aerosol PCPs for the UK are then calculated (decamethylcyclopentasiloxane 0.25 ktonne yr⁻¹ and limonene 0.15 ktonne yr⁻¹) and these compared with the UK National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory estimates for non-aerosol cosmetics and toiletries.     

冲击电流自动化系统中的电磁兼容研究

冲击电流自动化系统是强电流脉冲技术与弱电下的数据检测和计算机通讯管理相结合的有机统一体 ,单片机测试及计算机管理单元抗干扰能力的强弱 ,是决定整个控制系统能否正常工作的重要保证 ,冲击电流发生器产生强大的浪涌及高频电磁脉冲 ,整个系统的电磁兼容问题显得非常重要 ,采取行之有效的抗干扰措施既保证了系统测试的精度又使得整个自动化系统安全可靠地运行 ,实现了冲击电流系统的电磁兼容     

全自动冲击电流测量控制系统

介绍了一种单片微机、工业控制计算机进行数据和波形管理的冲击电流发生器。采用由工控机、PLC、单片机、存储示波器和打印机等构成的全自动化测量系统。此系统可以产生 8/ 2 0、 4/ 1 0、 1 0 / 1 0 0 0等多种不同波形、幅值可调的冲击电流 ,可以任意设置放电电压 ,自动进行试品切换。采用了 Windows环境下的 VB语言开发专用软件 ,不仅可以在线显示示波图、记录峰值电压、放电电流和放电次数 ,还可以实时显示设备板面的工作状态等。电源部分配置了浪涌吸收装置 ,用来抑制电源回路中尖峰脉冲的干扰 ;测量部分采用了双电磁屏蔽 ,其电磁兼容性满足IEC及国家标准。     

Freedom and tyranny: Descriptions and prescriptions.

Responds to comments by A. Ahuvia, D. Resnick, J. L. Brand, and R. Solomon (see record 2002-15384-005, 2002-15384-006, 2002-15384-007, and 2002-15384-008, respectively) concerning B. Schwartz's (see record 2000-13324-008) discussion of excessive personal freedom, autonomy, self-determination, and life satisfaction and meaning. Schwartz states that the extent that psychology can develop a substantive vision of a good (healthy, productive, socially responsive and responsible) human life, psychologists should articulate it, and they should try to rally public opinion around it to encourage people to pursue it. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The role of personal work goals in newcomers' job satisfaction and organizational commitment: A longitudinal analysis.

This study examined the importance of 3 characteristics of personal work goals (i.e., commitment, attainability, and progress) in accounting for changes in newcomers' affective job attitudes (i.e., job satisfaction and organizational commitment) during the 1st months of employment. Twenty weeks after organizational entry, 81 newcomers provided a list of their personal work goals. Goal attributes and job attitudes were assessed at 3 testing periods covering 8 months. Goal commitment was found to moderate the extent to which differences in the attainability of personal goals at the workplace accounted for changes in job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Goal progress mediated the interactive effect of goal commitment and attainability on newcomers' job attitudes. Findings are discussed with respect to their relevance for proactive approaches to organizational socialization. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Influence of performance evaluation rating segmentation on motivation and fairness perceptions.

This study investigated the impact of rating segmentation (i.e., the number of alternative appraisal categories available for rating employee performance) on motivation and perceptions of fairness. Participants were 305 student volunteers who performed a catalog search task, A 2 X 4 factorial design with 2 performance rating systems--low segmentation (3 categories) and moderate segmentation (5 categories)--and 4 performance levels was used. Overall, the results indicated that the 5-category system resulted in higher self-efficacy regarding participants' ability to reach the next higher rating category, higher goals for rating improvement, and higher rating improvements than the 3-category system. The effects of rating system and performance rating on rating improvement were partially mediated by self-efficacy and personal goals. The rating system and the performance rating affected perceptions of distributive and procedural justice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

预测隧道中传播损耗的混合模型

本文运用Fresnel区域理论,得到了计算转折点距离的公式,结合自由空间传播模型和修正的波导模型,提出了一种新的混合模型.各种条件下的实验数据都验证了模型的合理性.结果表明,转折点以前的传播损耗可用自由空间的传播模型预测,而在转折点之后,可通过修正的波导模型预测.     

带漏泄段同轴电缆激励的2GHz无线电波在大型封闭区域内的传播

本文给出了在大型封闭区域,用带漏泄段的同轴电缆作为发射天线时,2GHz窄带和宽带无线电波传播特性的测量结果,对于窄带信号、主要测量了传播过程中的衰减,测量结果表明,在平行于电缆方向上,接收信号的电平比垂直于电缆方向的电平大;接收信号的快衰落服从瑞利分而,而慢衰落不服从正态分布。对于宽带信号,测量了多径脉冲响应,得到了均方根时延扩展及其概率分布。